Vehicular cycling has had roughly 40 years of real world
testing, and has clearly been detrimental to cycling in the United States. The
philosophy of Vehicular cycling has been, as Furth describes, very influential
in terms of shaping the relationship between Americans and cycling. Sadly, the VC philosophy has resulted in
very small overall numbers of cyclists, higher crash rates, and generally stressful
experiences cycling in many parts of the United States. One could say that vehicular
cycling has created barriers to cycling for most people, even though those who feel
comfortable ‘behaving like a vehicle’ are in the minority. But, as Furth
contends, mainstream America is ‘traffic intolerant’ in terms of riding a
bicycle on busy roads, so in reality, the VC philosophy has ensured a very
small percentage primarily male cyclists a place on American roads.
Importantly, as they advanced their agenda amongst cycling
advocates, the VC crowd forgot one very critical aspect – the education of NON-CYCLISTS,
i.e. the more powerful road users, as to any rights cyclists have in terms of
riding on the roads. More specifically, the VC philosophy expects that drivers will understand and accept what
cyclists are doing as they ‘behave like vehicles’ and take the lane, for
example. In their rush to forego separated bike paths or any sort of cycling
infrastructure, they relegated cycling to a virtual unknown form of road user,
because there is no evidence of their place in vehicular traffic on the roadway.
Other than the occasional ‘Share the Road’ sign, which many believe is unclear
and even counterproductive, there is not much evidence on our roads that would
lead automobile drivers to believe that anyone other than other car drivers
might expect to share the space.
This has led to a great deal of misunderstanding on behalf
of non-cyclists regarding cyclists using the roads, and this misunderstanding
often turns to outright aggression. As cyclists on the road have no dedicated
space, they are perceived as an unwelcome ‘other’, eliciting driver aggravation
when they ‘slow traffic’. We in America also support very little cycling
education in schools, though we are very thorough with our driving education.
Despite this, we expect cyclists and drivers to know the rules and regulations
as they apply to riding on public roads. For the most part, this knowledge is not
passed on, bike riders become ‘scofflaw’, mostly in reaction to environments
that are generally hostile to them, and without formal education cyclists are left
to their own devices to create their own social ‘norms’. For example, a bike
rider on a three-lane arterial with no bikes lanes jumps a red light – most drivers
likely see him as another law flouting cyclist running the light because ‘they
think they own the road’. But, we as cyclists know that the rider is only
trying to get out ahead of traffic before the light turns green, so as not to
be swallowed up by the sea of 2000 lb fast moving vehicles who only see him as
an obstruction.
Dutch road design not only includes dedicated space for both
bikers and walkers, but also very clear explanation and signage guiding each
type of user through the space. Additionally, schoolchildren in Holland learn
how to ride at a young age, in schools. Even those who grow up not wishing to
ride a bike will have had the education, and understand how bicycles,
pedestrians and automobiles are expected to interact on the roads. The rights
to space on the road is clear for ALL users, and does not lead to open ended
confusion, misunderstanding and aggression.
Dutch road design is also guided by the idea of prioritizing safety for all users, whereas vehicular cycling, like a a large portion of American road design, centers around 'effectiveness', 'efficiency', and 'speed'. These selective priorities do not appeal to everyone. Additionally, Dutch design accepts the fact that humans are fallible and make mistakes, and works to prevent those mistakes from being fatal through changes in the road environment. Vehicular cycling enthusiasts think they are too smart to be subject to sloppy driving or bike riding.
Thankfully, the tide appears to be turning against the philosophy of vehicular cycling. We have many things to work on at home, and I welcome the day when we can truly dispatch this set of ideas to the history books.
Good post. I liked your use of an example of cyclists becoming scofflaws without any social norms. I believe that this changes as the cycling population increases and in Portland we have studied this phenomenon at signals. The research by Portland State has been useful, but there are cases where if signal cycles are excessive, it seems that violating the traffic signal is much more likely. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1073&context=cengin_fac
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